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http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/H02924.pdfтеперь тутhyperconjugation
In the formalism that separates bonds into s and p types, hyperconjugation
is the interaction of s-bonds (e.g. C–H, C–C, etc.) with a p network. This
interaction is customarily illustrated by contributing structures, e.g. for
toluene (below),<...>
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http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/C01309.pdf<..>Each such formula represents a contributing structure, also
called ‘resonance structure’ to the total wavefunction, and the degree to
which each contributes is indicated by the square of its coefficient in the
linear combination. The contributing structures, also called ‘canonical
forms’<..>
